Downlink and uplink4/1/2023 ![]() In this paper, we take an in-depth look at Class A end devices. To illustrate the different levels of power consumption for each of the different end-device classes, see Figure 3.įigure 3: Energy Consumption by Device Class These devices are more energy-intensive, and usually require a constant power source, rather than relying on a battery. They constantly listen for downlink messages from the network, except when transmitting data in response to a sensor event. A periodic beacon signal transmitted by the network allows those end devices to synchronize their internal clocks with the network server.įinally, Class C (“Continuous”) end devices never go to sleep. In contrast, rather than only waiting for one of its sensors to notice a change in the environment or fire a timer, Class B end devices also wake up and open a receive window to listen for a downlink according to a configurable, network-defined schedule. Class A is the most energy efficient and results in the longest battery life. After the device sends an uplink, it “listens” for a message from the network one and two seconds after the uplink ( receive windows) before going back to sleep. Basically, they can wake up and talk to the server at any moment. Because LoRaWAN is not a “slotted” protocol, end devices can communicate with the network server any time there is a change in a sensor reading or when a timer fires. Class A end devices spend most of their time in sleep mode. The more energy efficient a device, the longer the battery life.Īll end devices must support Class A (“Aloha”) communications. The class also determines a device’s energy efficiency. While end devices can always send uplinks at will, the device’s class determines when it can receive downlinks. End devices send data to gateways ( uplinks), and the gateways pass it on to the network server, which, in turn, passes it on to the application server as necessary.Īdditionally, the network server can send messages (either for network management, or on behalf of the application server) through the gateways to the end devices ( downlinks).Įnd devices in a LoRaWAN network come in three classes: Class A, Class B and Class C. An In-depth look at LoRaWAN® Class A Devices IntroductionĪ LoRaWAN®-based network is made up of end devices, gateways, a network server, and application servers. ![]()
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